QUESTION BANK FOR SUBJECT - PHARMACOGNOSY

Pharmacognosy

IMPORTANT QUESTIONS FOR FIRST SESSIONAL EXAMINATION

01.Define 'crude drug'.Give various sources of crude drug with examples.

02.Differentiate between Drug & Crude drug.

03.Who is known as father of medicine ?

04.DefinePharmacognosy.

05.Define Technical product. Write any six applications of Technical product.

06.Describe in short History of Pharmacognosy.

07.What is Paparyusebers ?

08.Write a note on Galanical pharmacy / Extrction pharmacy.

09.What do you mean by Charaksamhita&Shusrutasamhita ?

10.Define& Classify Pharmaceutical aids with examples.

11.Define Drug according to D & C Act 1940.

12.Name the indian systems of medicine. Write a note on any one of them.

13.What is Siddha system of medicine ?

14.What is Naturopathy & Yoga ?

15.Who invented the term Pharmacognosy ? What is Analectapharmacognostica ?

16.Differentiate between Organised&Unorganised crude drugs.

17.Name the various methods of classification of crude drugs.

Which method is adopted by I.P.

18.Which method of classification of crude drugs is useful for practical study ? Why ?

19.Write merits and demerits of Alphabetical classification.

20.Which is recent apporach towards classification of crude drugs ? Why ?

21.Write a note on Chemical & Pharmacological classification.

22.List out systematic scheme for study of pharmacognostic crude drugs.

23.What do you mean by synonyms of a crude drugs ?

24.Write a note on Biological source of crude drug.

25.What is Garbeling ?

26.Differentiate between Substitutes &Adultrants.

27.Write a note on cultivation & collection of crude drugs.

28.Differentiate between Pharmacological use & Pharmaceutical use of crude drug.

29.Write a note on Packageing / Storage of crude drugs.

30.DefineAdultration.How& When it occurs ? Explain different methods of adultration with

examples of drugs.

31.What is crude drug evulation.List out various evulation methods.

32.What do you mean by Organoleptic evulation of crude drugs ?

33.HowMicroscopicalevulation is performed ?

34.Name the Physical methods of evulation.

35.Write a note on Chemical evulation .

36.What is Bioassay ? Explain.

37.Why total ash content is useful in evulation of crude drug ?

38.DefineAlkaloids.Classify them with examples.

39.Explain General chemical tests for Alkaloids.

40.Define& Classify Glycosides with examples.

41.Write General C.T. for Glycosides.

42.Explain Linkage classification of Glycosides.

43.Write a note on Cardiac glycosides &Anthraquinone glycosides.

44.Define& Classify Tannins.

45.Write General C.T. and uses of Tannins.

46.Explain - Goldbeaters skin test , Keller Killani test &Borntraggers test.

47.Differentiate between Borntraggers test & Modified borntraggers test.

48.Define with examples. - Purgative,Laxative,Cardiotonic,Carminative,Astringent.

49.How C-23 glycosides are tested chemically ?

50.Define Volatile oils. & Give their Uses / applications.

51.What are fixed oils , Waxes , and Volatile oils chemically ?

52.Define& Classify resins with examples.

53.Define Balsams with examples.

54.Differentiate between Gums &Mucilages.

55.Define with examples. - Juice , Latex , Extracts.

56.Define Bark . Write a note on shapes in the barks.

57.What is Fracture in the Bark ? Explain different fractures in bark with diagram.

58. Differentiate between leaf &Leaflet .

59.WhyStomatas are diagnostic structures of leaf , Explain.

60.Explain Isolation methods of - Resins , Tannins , Volatile oils , Alkaloids , Glycosides.

IMPORTANT QUESTIONS FOR SECOND SESSIONAL EXAMINATION

01 .Define following terms with examples of crude drugs -

      Cardio tonics , Purgative , Astringent , Laxative , Cathartic , Cumulative effect , Anti-tussive           

      Antirheumatics , Carminative , Antihypertensive , Leprotics , Diuretics , Antidiabetics , 

      Aphrodiacs , Diaphoretics.

02.Name the crude drugs having following synonyms -

      Puncture vine , Hog weed , Indian Kino tree , Periwinkle , Gynocardia oil , Autumn crocus 

      corm , Scented Bedelliun , Holy Basil , Adhatoda , Korpad , Lakadi revendchini , Fox-glove 

      leaves , Mire , Sonth , Devils drug , Kalmidalchini , Nux-moschata , Lavang , Hiren , Bishops

      weed , Khadir , Henbane , Girbuti , Bachang , Withania root , Ma-haung , Afim , Siddhi , 

      Crow-figs , Chhota chand.

03.Write biological source for following crude drugs -

      Castor oil , Rhubarb , Arjuna , Ajowan , Cardamon , Black pepper , Asafoetida , Nutmeg ,  

      Pale catechu , Aconite , Cannabis , Ephedra , Asgandh , Vasaka , Tulsi , Guggual , Vinca ,

      Chaulmogra oil , Gymnema , Punarnava , Petrocarpus , Gokhru.

04.Give family for following crude drugs -

      Gokhru , Punarnava , Gymnema , Chaulmogra oil , Vinca , Guggual , Vasaka , Tulsi ,

      Nuxvomica , Aconite , Pale catechu , Nutmeg , Clove , Cinnamon , Black pepper , Digitalis ,

      Rhubarb , Castor oil , Isapghula.

05.Give important diagnostic characters of following -

      Castor oil , Isapghulla , Coriander , Cardamon , Asafoetida , Arjuna , Digitalis , Nutmeg ,  

      Clove  Datura , Aconite , Ephedra , Nuxvomica , Tolu balsam , Chaulmogra oil , Gymnema ,    

      Gokhru.

06.Draw a well labeled histological diagram ( T.S.) of following - Datura , Fennel , Cinnamon ,

      Coriander , Ginger , Clove , Nuxvomica , Ipecac , Cinchona , Senna. 

07.Write in detail Geology along with cultivation collection for following crude drugs - 

      Rauwolfia , Senna , Digitalis , Opium.

08.Name the crude drugs containing following chemical constituents -

      Barbaloin , Chrysopanol , Vit.-C , Vit. - F , Pentason , Aldobionic acid , Kempherol , Gitin ,

      Verodoxin , Odoroside H , Betasitosterol , Eugenol , Eucalyptol , Piperine , D-Linalol , Dill-

      apiole , Anethole , Shagaol , Umbelliferone , Mannitol , Elemicin , Saffrol , Amylodextrin ,

      Thymol , Qurecetin , Chlorophyll , Scopalamine , Scopoletin , Neoline , Withaferine A ,

      Ephedrine , Heroin , Codeine , Tetrahydrocannabinol , Alpha colubrine , Yohimbine ,

      Vasicine,  vanillin , Styrol , Cinnamein , Colchicine , Grolic acid , Vincristine , Pentriactone ,

      Ptyline ,  Kinoin , Harmine , Punarnavine ,Ursolic acid.

09.Write C.T. for following -

      Balsam of tolu , Colchicum , Rauwolfia , Nuxvomica , Cannabis , Opium , Tropane alkaloids  

      Black & Pale catechu , Clove , Cinnamon , Asafoetida , Ginger , Arjuna , Digitalis , Senna ,

      Isapghula , Castor oil , Aloe.

10.Which crude drugs are used in following disorders -

      Jaundice , Gout , Painful micturation , Enlargement of spleen , Dysurea , Diabetis mellitus , 

      Dental analgesic , Intestinal antiseptic , Leukemia , Hodgkins disease , T.B. , Leprosy ,

      Polyploidy , Rheumatism , Cancer , Aphrodiasics , Hypolipidemic , Hypochlostermic ,

      Insecticidal , Asthema , Whooping cough , Tranqulizer , Dog poison , Narcotic ,

      Diaphoretics ,  Sciatica , Antispasmodics , Sore throat , Intestinal flatulance , Styptic ,

      Febrifuge , Hairgrowth stimulator.

11.Name the substitutes & adultrants for following -

      Digitalis , Senna , Isapghula , Nuxvomica , Cinnamon , Nutmeg , Rauwolfia , Balsam of tolu.

12.Write substitutes for following -

      Rhubarb , Caraway , Cardamon , Black pepper , Coriander , Dill , Aconite , Asgand , Guggual      

      Colchicum seed , Chaulmogra oil , Gymnema.

13.Write adultrants for following -

      Clove , Arjuna , Fennel , Belladona.

14.Why Opium is not adultrated ?

15.How pungency of Ginger is destroyed ?

16.Write about Dovers powder.

17.What are Aloins ?

18.How different aloes are tested chemically ?

19.What is Vitalli morein reaction ?

20.How folloeing are tested chemically -

      Eugenol , Strychnine , Brucine , Colchicine , Digitoxose , Mucilage , Tropane alkaloids ,

      Anthraquinone glycosides , Chlorophyll , Umbelliferone , Cinnamic acid ,Benzoic acid ,

      Meconic acid.

21.Why Indian dill is not suitable for human use ?

22.What is Gambier flourocin test ?

23.What do you know about Klunges test ?

24.What is Banda soap ?

25.Which part is used as a drug in case of following -

      Pertocarpus , Gymnema , Punarnava , Gokhru , Guggual , Vasaka , Tulsi , Cannabis , Opium 

      Aconite , Black catechu , Nutmeg , Clove , Black pepper , Cardamon , Ajowan , Arjuna ,

     Aloe , Rhubarb , Isapghula , Senna.

26.List out crude drugs containing -

      Indole alkaloids , Anthraquinone glycosides , Cardiac glycosides , Volatile oils , Fixed oils ,

      Tropane alkaloids , Isoquinoline alkaloids.

27.Write chemical constituents of -

      Opium , Digitalis ,Nuxvomica , Cinchona , Benzoin , Tolu balsam , Aconite.

IMPORTANT QUESTIONS FOR THIRD SESSIONAL EXAMINATION

01.Write Diagnostic characters / Morphological characters / Organoleptic characters of

      following crude drugs -

      Garlic , Pyrethrum , Tobacco , Benzoin , Sandal wood , Ergot , Tragacanth , Agar , Lanolin ,

      Glycyrrhiza , Gelatin .

02.Write biological source for following crude drugs -

      Myrrh , Neem , Benzoin , Ergot , Amla , Papaya , Sandal wood , Olive oil , Lemon grass oil ,

      Lanolin , Tragacanth , Guar gum , Garlic , Tobacco , Pyrethrum , Picrorrhiza , Gelatin , Cotton.

03.Name the crude drugs containing following chemical constituents -

      Bassorin , Glutin , Cerolin , Emetine , Cholesterol , Psychotrine , Vit.-A , Vit.-D , Vit.-C , Vit.-E

      Chitin , Meliacin , Margosine , Santalol , Citral , Guran , Araebin , Amylose , Agarose ,

      Kutkoside , Keratin , Fibrion , Cellulose , Hesperidin .

04.Write family for following -

      Sodium alginate , Garlic , Shankhpusphi , Linseed , Picrorrhiza , Lanolin , Agar , Olive oil ,

      Ghatti gum , Karaya gum , Honey , Lemon grass oil , Sandal wood , Amla , Ergot , Myrrh ,

      Neem , Benzoin , Ipecac , Shatavari , Wool , Silk .     

05.Which part is used as a drug in case of following -

      Ergot , Amla , Sandal wood , Guar gum , Pyrethrum , Garlic , Tobacco , Curcuma , Papaya ,

      Olive oil , Lanolin , Liquorice , Dioscorea , Cotton , Silk , Wool .

06.Which crude drug belongs to following synonyms -

      Kutki , Lasun , Yam , Justmadh , China clay , Lanolin , Argad , Chandan , Jaggawar gum / Gum

      floor , Koynel , Loban /Ood , Indian saffron , Bol , Mel , Men , Amylum.

07.Which crude drug is used in case of following conditions -

      Eczema , Psoriasis , Diarrhoea , Dysentry , Plasma substitute , Culture media , Mfg. of

      capsule , Addisions disease , Mosquito repellent coils , Jaundice , Paints & Warnish industry ,

      Ranikhet disease , Atherosclerosis , Synthesis of sex hormone , Galactogogue , Antioxytocics,

      Oxytocic , Iodine poisoning , Halogen poisoning , Alkaloidal poisoning , Food poisoning ,

      Synthesis of Vit.-A , Dysurea , T.B. of urinary bladder , Episiotomy , Dyspepsia ,

      Chavanprasha,   Anti-xerophthalmic factor , Antimalerial , Diaphoretics , Emetic ,Migrane ,

      Aphrodiasic , Surgical dressings , Sutures.

08.List out Enzyme containing crude drugs along with name of enzymes.

09.Differentiate between following terms -

      Perfumes & Flavours , Anticeptics & Disinfectants , Dysentry & Diarrhoea , Plant fibre &

      Animal fibre , Ligatures & Sutures.

10.Define Oxytocics with examples of crude drugs.

11.Write a note on Antimalerials .

12.Which are the different conditions of dysentry ? How they occurs ?

13.Name the adultrants for-   Honey , Arachis oil , Bees wax , Gum acacia.

14.Name the substitutes for - Starch , Tragacanth , Cinchona , Gum acacia .

15.Give details of geology , cultivation , collection of ergot along with its life cycle.

16.What is Fiehs test ? OR How adultration of honey is detected ?

17.What is Halpins test / Baudins test ? OR How adultration of Arachis oil is detected ?

18.How following are tested chemically ?

      Emetine , Cholesterol , Vit.-A , Chitosan , Sclerethrin , Oxydase , Wrgotoxin , Aleumina.

19.Write chemical test for -

      Turmerric , Benzoin , Cinchona , Gum acacia , Starch , Gelatin , Liquorice , Silk , Wool ,

      Cotton.      

20.Which is toxic substance present in raw arachis oil ?

21.Why shark liver oil is not used as substitute for cod liver oil ?

22.Give in detail chemical constituents of -

      Ergot , Pyrethrum , Cinchona , Curcuma , Liquorice .

23.Name the glycosides present in -

      Linseed , Ipecac , Cinchona , Glycyrrhiza , Picrorrhiza , Bitter orange peel.

24.Define & Classify Surgical dressings .

25.Define Ligatures & Sutures . Which are their ideal properties / requirements .

26.List out materials from which Ligatures & Sutures are prepared . Classify them .

27.Write the functions & requirements of surgical dressings as per I.P.

28.How absorbant cotton is prepared from raw cotton ?

29.Explain method of preparation of Silk & Wool.

30.List out the Insecticidal drugs you have studied .